(Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto)

* 1898 in Kuortane, Finland

† 1976 in Helsinki

• studied architecture at the Helsinki Polytechnic, Diploma 1921
• from 1923 had own architectural office in Jyvaskyla
• 1929 Paimio Sanatorium
• from 1931 extensive construction work in Finland, Europe and USA
• 1933 relocation of the office to Helsinki
• from 1935 foundation of the company Artek, which produces its own furniture and designs
• 1936 Finnish pavilion for the Paris World Exhibition
• 1939 Villa Mairea, Noormarkku
• from 1940 professorship at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge
• from 1958 high-rise residential building in Bremen-Neue Vahr; Aalborg Art Museum, Denmark
• 1958–1962 Kulturhaus Wolfsburg
• 1959 Essen Opera House (posthumously executed 1988)
• 1962 Finlandia Halle, Helsinki
• numerous awards and honours

* 1914 in Groningen

† 1981 in Rotterdam

• studied at the Technical University of Groningen and at the Academy of Architecture in Amsterdam; graduated 1941 under Mart Stam
• from 1941 worked in various offices, including with Willem van Tijen, Rotterdam
• since 1947 member of CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne)
• 1948 joined the van den Broek office
• 1949–1953 De Lijnbaan shopping center in Rotterdam
• 1960–1965 Marl Town Hall
• from 1965 professorship at the Staatliche Hochschule für Bildende Künste, Hamburg
• 1970 Faculty of Architecture at the TU Delft
• 1980 Rotterdam Central Library

* 1896 in Rovereto/Trenta

† 1982 in Milan

• studied painting with Luigi Comel, Rovereto, afterwards at the Polytechnic in Milan
• 1922 Diploma as architect
• 1922–1926 stage designer and painter in Berlin
• from 1929 participated in various construction projects in Italy
• 1939–1948 as painter and stage designer in New York, including for Max Reinhardt and Erwin Piscator
• from 1948 various buildings in Italy and other European countries countries, including power plant in Trentino
• 1949 member of the Accademia degli Agiati

(Paul Gotthilf Reinhold Baumgarten)

* 1900 in Tilsit

† 1984 in Berlin

• studied at the Technical University of Gdansk and the TU Berlin
• 1928–1934 worked in the architectural office Mebes & Emmerich
• 1929 had own architectural office in Berlin
• 1934–1937 Head of the Construction Department of Müllabfuhr AG, Berlin
• 1937–1945 Head of the Building Construction Office of Philipp Holzmann AG
• from 1943 teacher at the Hochschule für Bildende Künste, Berlin
• 1950–1970 realization of numerous striking buildings in Berlin (West)
• 1961–1973 redesign of the Reichstag building in Berlin
• 1965-1969 new building of the Federal Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe

* 1898 in Paris

† 1983 in Paris

• studied at the École des Beaux-Arts, Paris; graduated in 1928 with the Prix de Rome
• 1925–1940 partner of Marcel Lods; mainly social housing, prefabrication of components
• from 1942 professorship at the University of Geneva
• from 1945 town planning with R. Lopez for Marseille, Brest, Toulon and Monaco. Like R. Lopez, chief architect of the French government (“Bâtiments Civils et Palais Nationaux Francais”).
• from 1946 professorship at the École des Beaux-Arts, Paris
• 1968–1973 extension of the League of Nations Palace, Geneva

* 1922 in Kirchmöser/Havel

† 2000 in Berlin

• apprenticeship as a bricklayer
• studied in Berlin at the Bauschule Leinestraße
• employed by one or two construction companies
• worked in the Rahn office
• 1958 foundation of the Bodammer & Berndt office
• from circa 1962 sole owner of the architectural office
• 1994 partnership with son Axel Bodammer
• various construction management jobs
• in the new development area Britz/Buckow/Rudow (BBR), in the Märkisches Viertel (MV), in Eckernförde for the Bundeswehr MUWS in conjunction with the office Geber + Risse for approx. 15 years
• from 1961 worked in Berlin-Reinickendorf and Berlin-Wedding for GeSoBau, degewo, Gruppe Nord

* 1898 in Rotterdam

† 1978 in The Hague

• studied at the Technical University of Delft; Diploma 1924
• 1927–1937 had own office in Rotterdam
• 1937–1948 joint office with J. A. Brinkman
• from 1947 professorship at TU Delft; member of several institutions like Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne (CIAM)
• 1948 office with J. B. Bakema; various building activities in all sectors: significantly involved in the reconstruction of Rotterdam

(Charles-Éduard Jeanneret-Gris)

* 1887 in La Chaux-de-Fonds (Switzerland)

† 1965 at Roquebrune-Cap-Martin

• apprenticeship as engraver and chaser at the École d’Art in La Chaux-de-Fonds
• 1907–1911 study trips through Europe: active in leading architectural offices in Berlin (with Peter Behrens), Dresden, Vienna and Paris (with Auguste Perret)
• 1914 chair at the art college La-Chaux-de-Fonds
• 1917 moved to Paris
• 1923 book publication “Vers une Architecture”
• 1927two houses for the Weißenhofsiedlung Stuttgart (with Pierre Jeanneret)
• 1928 co-founder of the Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne (CIAM)
• from 1929 worldwide activity as architect, urban planner and designer
• 1931 Villa Savoye in Poissy
• 1952–1959 government buildings in Chandigarh, India
• 1954 pilgrimage church Notre-Dame-du-Haut, Ronchamps
• 1946–1967 four more Unité d’Habitations in France
• 1960 Dominican monastery Sainte-Marie-de-la-Tourette

* 1921 in Berlin

† 1983 in Berlin

• studied at the Technical University Berlin, including under Hans Scharoun; Diploma 1948
• 1950 studied at the Institute for Town & Country Planning Kings College, Durham University, England
• 1953 Government Building Council, Berlin
• 1956–1960 freelance architect in Berlin, member of various associations
• 1957 contact architect of H. A. Stubbins during the construction of the Congress Hall
• 1960 Senate Building Director of West Berlin; active in urban planning
• from 1961 member of the Akademie der Künste (West)
• from 1967 Director of Architecture at the Akademie der Künste
• President of the Akademie der Künste from 1971 until his death
• from 1964 honorary professorship
• 1966–1970 professorship at the TU Berlin
• from 1970 freelance architect again.
• also active as painter, graphic artist and designer: numerous buildings, mainly in Berlin e.g. Brücke-Museum Dahlem, St. Agnes Church, Mehringplatz, Kreuzberg

See also

Altonaer Straße 15, district library

Hanseatenweg 10, Academy of Arts

(Willy Karl Ebert)

* 1909 in Obercunnersdorf, Saxony

† 1979 in Berlin

• 1923/24 Fach- und Fortbildungsschule Hainsberg, Thuringia
• 1924–27 Städtische Gewerbeschule Dresden, at the same time
• 1923–26 locksmith apprenticeship
• 1927/28 lathe operator
• 1928/29 machine draughtsman of the tool factory Enke & Co., Tharandt, at the same time apprenticeship as a bricklayer
• 1929 Bauhaus pupil, Dessau
• 1933 Diploma from the Building and Interior Design department. At the same time student trainee in the technical office of the Deutsche Wohnungsfürsorge AG, Dresden, Germany
• 1933 scholarship for study trips to Greece and France
• 1933/34 worked in the Walter Gropius office in Berlin (representative of Gropius at the CIAM Congress in Athens)
• 1934 freelance architect
• 1935–37 worked in the architectural office R. Linneke, Berlin
• 1938 after L. K. Hilberseimer had emigrated, he took over his office in Berlin
• 1941–45 civil engineer, employed by the Mineralölgesellschaft, Berlin
• 1945–49 Head of the Main Office for Planning at the Berlin municipal authorities and assistant to Hans Scharoun at the Technical University, Berlin
• 1947 Associate Professor of Urban Planning at the Hochschule für bildende Künste, Berlin
• 1956–57 planning and construction of the “Gropius-Haus” with Walter Gropius / TAC (The Architects Collaborative) on the Interbau
• 1960 co-initiator of the Bauhaus Archive, Berlin
• 1963 Full Professor at the Hochschule für bildende Künste, Berlin

(Egon Fritz Wilhelm Eiermann)

* 1904 Neuendorf/Potsdam

† 1970 in Baden-Baden

• studied architecture at the Technical University of Berlin under Hans Poelzig, Diploma 1927
• 1930–1934 joint office with Fritz Jaenecke in Berlin
• 1934 foundation of his own office in Berlin; residential buildings, industrial buildings
• 1942 hospital building in Beelitz-Heilstätten, relocation of his office there
• 1947–1970 professorship at the Technical University Karlsruhe
• from 1948 worked as furniture designer; development of serial furniture
• from 1951 Matthäuskirche, Pforzheim
• 1958 German Pavilion at the Expo ‘58 in Brussels (with Sep Ruf)
• from 1959 Gedächtniskirche Berlin
• from 1965 Bonn high-rise parliament building
• 1967–1972 headquarters of IBM Germany, Stuttgart-Vaihingen
• 1968–1972 Olivetti Towers, Frankfurt am Main

* 1909 in Hyères, France

† 1996 in Berlin

• apprenticeship as carpenter, studied at the Hamburg Baugewerkschule
• from 1930 worked in the offices of Erich Mendelsohn and Hans Scharoun
• 1931–1937 worked in Werner Issel’s office, industrial buildings
• from 1947 had own office in Berlin

* 1893 in Frederiksborg/Denmark

† 1965 in Copenhagen

• studied at the Academy of Fine Arts Copenhagen, graduation 1920
• from 1920 freelance architect; residential buildings
• 1929–1943 collaborated with Christian F. Möller
• 1930 housing development at Vodrofsvej, Copenhagen
• 1932–1945 University in Arhus
• from 1935 Vestersöhus; residential buildings in Copenhagen and surroundings: Bröndbyparken, Nygaardsparken and Voldparken; furniture designs
• 1936–1963 professorship at the Academy of Fine Arts Copenhagen
• 1945 houses and school at the Wallpark
• 1951/1952 Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston
• 1952/1953 Visiting Professor at Harvard University
• 1963–1965 Danish Academy in Rome

* 1908 in Frankfurt am Main

† 1982 in Frankfurt am Main

• studied at the Technical University Berlin under Hans Poelzig; Diploma 1936
• until 1940 site manager under Philipp Holzmann in Berlin and Vienna
• 1946 foundation of an office with Hermann Mäckler

* 1927 in Berlin

† 1997 in Berlin

• studied architecture at the Hochschule für Bildende Künste, Berlin
• from 1953 worked in the Fehling office
• since 1952 Mensa 1 of Freie Universität Berlin
• 1956–1959 student village Schlachtensee
• 1965–1974 Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin
• 1966–1974 Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, FU Berlin
• from 1968 residential development Hallesches Ufer
• 1978–1990 Institute for Meteorology, FU Berlin

* 1907 in Budweis/Bohemia

† 1971 in Graz

• studied architecture at the Graz University of Technology,
• Diploma 1935
• from 1938 worked in the Herbert Rimpl office, Berlin; industrial buildings
• 1939–1945 Head of the Prüfstelle für die wirtschaftliche Planung von Industriebauvorhaben
• from 1947 worked in Frankfurt am Main, including on the airport terminal building
• 1949–1954 collaborated with Gerhard Weber; Schuldorf Bergstraße, Kleinmarkthalle Frankfurt/M.
• from 1953 Professor for Industrial Construction at the Hochschule für Bildende Künste, Berlin (today UdK)
• 1953–1956 Head of the Department of Architecture there
• from 1957 professorship at the Graz University of Technology

* 1902 in Berlin

† 1969 in Berlin

• apprenticeship as bricklayer, studied at the Baugewerkschule Berlin
• until 1928 worked in the offices of Hans Poelzig, then Klingenberg & Issel, industrial buildings
• 1928–1964 active in Berlin building administration: during the National Socialist era administrative buildings under General Building Inspector Albert Speer, from 1945 Head of the Design Department
• 1950 George C. Marshall House (with Werner Düttmann)
• 1951 Plötzensee memorial, Wedding employment office
• 1954 State Criminal Police Office
• 1956–1957 America House
• 1957 Palais am Funkturm (with Werner Düttmann)
• from 1957 subway stations of lines U9 and U6
• 1966 new building of the Landesbildstelle

* 1883 in Berlin

† 1969 in Boston/USA

• studied at the Technical Universities of Munich and Berlin.
• 1908 worked at Peter Behrens (with Mies van der Rohe and Adolf Meyer).
• from 1910 self-employed industrial designer and architect
• 1911/1912 Fagus movement (with Adolf Meyer), Alfeld/Leine
• 1919 successor of Henry van de Velde as director of the Hochschule für Bildende Kunst in Weimar; taking over the management, he renamed the university “Staatliches Bauhaus in Weimar”
• 1925/1926 The Bauhaus moves to Dessau.
• from 1926 occupied with mass residential construction; architect at the “New Frankfurt”
• 1929–1930 Siemensstadt development, Berlin
• 1934 emigrated
• from 1937 Chair of Architecture at Harvard University, Cambridge USA
• 1946 founder of “The Architects Collaborative” (TAC)
• 1957–1959 Pan-Am Building (today Met Life), New York
• from 1960 Gropiusstadt Berlin

* 1907 in Düsseldorf

† 1977 in Munich

• apprenticeship as carpenter, studied at the Bauhaus, including under Hannes Meyer and Mart Stam
• from 1928 colleague Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius
• 1931–1933 collaborated in the city planning group of Ernst May in Moscow
• 1931–1945 freelance architect and designer in Berlin
• 1945/1946 Professor of Urban Planning in Weimar, attempted to reestablish the Bauhaus: development and production of modular furniture
• 1950–1956 Director of the Landeskunstschule and later Hochschule der Künste Hamburg
• 1956–1972 Professor for Building and Development at of the Technical University in Munich: publications on urban planning, architecture and design

* 1923 in Stahnsdorf/Berlin

† 2001 in Berlin

• carpenter’s apprenticeship, military service and captivity
• from 1949 studied at the Kunsthochschule Berlin: 1955 Diploma
• 1952–1954 colleague of Prof. Klaus H. Ernst
• from 1955 colleague of Paul Baumgarten
• 1960 lecturer in design at the Staatliche Werkkunstschule Berlin
• 1961 Berlin Art Award “Young Generation”
• 1966–1967 Deutsche Bank, Ernst-Reuter-Platz, Germany
• 1967 Cologne Architecture Prize
• 1971–1986 Professor of Design, Building and Interior Planning, Berlin University of the Arts (today: UdK)
• member of the German Werkbund
• 1978 prize Habitation Space

* 1904 in Berlin

† 1999 in Graz

• studied at the Bauhaus Dessau, including under Walter Gropius, Josef Albers, Paul Klee
• from 1931 member of the architectural association Der Ring
• after 1945 attempted to reopen the Bauhaus, Dessau
• 1949–1952 Head of the Planning Design Office, West Berlin
• from 1950 Delegate of CIAM (International Congresses of Modern Architecture) for Berlin
• from 1959 Director of the Institute for Urban and Regional Planning Graz University of Technology

(Arne Emil Jacobsen)

* 1902 in Copenhagen

† 1971 in Copenhagen

• apprenticeship as stonemason; studied at the Royal Academy of Arts Copenhagen, including under Kay Fisker; degree 1927
• 1929 foundation of his own architectural office: focus on private houses, housing estates and furniture designs.
• 1932–1935 Öresund housing estate
• 1942 Aarhus Town Hall
• 1943 emigrated to Sweden until the end of the war
• from 1945 public buildings; Rodovre Town Hall near Copenhagen
• from 1956 professorship at the Royal Academy of Arts Copenhagen. SAS Royal Hotel (Copenhagen’s first skyscraper)
• from 1965 Christianeum, Hamburg (executed posthumously in 1972)
• from 1968 Vattenfall headquarters Hamburg, Mainz Town Hall (with Otto Weitling): numerous awards and prizes
• Jacobsen’s furniture designs like the “Ant”, “Egg” or “Swan” chairs are now design classics

* 1903 in Kolbitz near Potsdam

† 1978 in Malmö

• studied architecture in Dresden and at the Technical University Berlin
• 1927 Diploma; employed by Hans Poelzig
• from 1931 joint office with Egon Eiermann
• 1933 start of collaboration with Swedish architects
• 1937 moved to neutral Sweden
• 1943 Swedish citizen and own office
• from 1950 joint office with Sten Samuelson, the two architects worked together until the beginning of the 1970s

* 1910 in Celje, Slovenia (Austria-Hungary)

† 1991 in Altenberg, Thuringia

• 1929–35 studied at the German Technical University, Prague
• 1935–40 Ernst Flemming and Otto Kohtz architectural offices in Weimar and Berlin as well as in the project planning office of the German Labour Front under Schulte-Frohlinde, Berlin
• 1938 Joined the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers’ Party)
• 1941–45 Head of Basic Conceptual Planning at the German Academy for Housing, Berlin
• 1945 illness
• 1946 studied of singing at the Musik-Hochschule, Dresden
• 1948 tenor at the Theater am Nollendorfplatz, Berlin
• 1950–55 worked at the German Building Academy in the Master Workshop II of Hanns Hopp, Berlin Chief Architect for the construction of Stalinstadt Type proposals for public buildings, including the film theatre “Kosmos” (draft idea 1956, built 1962)
• 1956–58 residential buildings in Mannheim and Essen
• from 1958 worked on the VEB Berlin project
• 1962 Director of the design collective for the ensemble between Strausberger Platz and Alexanderplatz on Karl-Marx-Allee in Berlin
• 1963 Hotel “Berolina” and film theater “International”
• 1964 Restaurant “Moscow”
• 1967 Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• 1969 Professor of General Structural Engineering at the University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Weimar, Germany
• 1970 Centrum department store, Alexanderplatz

* 1929 in Berlin

† 1999 in Berlin

• studied at the Technical Universities of Berlin and Stuttgart, 1931 Diploma, then freelance architect; presentation of the Fritz Schumacher Prize
• 1956 foundation of his own architectural office
• 1957 merger with Klaus Kirsten to form Kirsten & Nather office
• 1965–1989 also worked as a hotelier in Ireland

* 1908 in Mainz

† 1974 in Orselina/Ticino

• studied architecture at the Technical College in Offenbach/Main, at the Kunstgewerbeschule Aachen and the Cologne Werkschulen; master student of Dominikus Böhm
• 1929 Diploma under H. Karlinger
• 1928–1940 colleague of Rudolf Schwarz
• from 1934 churches and doctors’ housing in Frankfurt and Offenbach/M.
• 1940–1945 executive position in the Rimpl office, Berlin
• from 1945 freelance architect in Frankfurt/M.
• from 1947 planning for the reconstruction of the Paulskirche, Frankfurt/M.; design of buildings in prefabricated assembly form; French Embassy, Bad Godesberg; German Embassy in New Delhi
• numerous public buildings and commercial buildings; urban planning projects
• 1954 professorship at the Städelschule, Frankfurt/M.

* 1910 in Cologne

† 1984 in Berlin

• studied construction and architecture at the Kunstgewerbe- und Handwerkerschule, Cologne
• 1927–1930 worked in the Ernst office
• 1932–1937 Scheidt, Cologne
• 1937 moved to Berlin
• from 1938 permanent employee at Werner March; stays in Belgrade, Copenhagen, Budapest
• 1942–1945 military service
• 1945–1949 Chief Architect at Eckhart Muthesius, Berlin
• 1949–1951 Technical Assistant at the TU Berlin with G. Jobst
• from 1949 also freelance architect, participation in competitions
• from 1952 professorship at the TU Berlin
• from 1953 with Gerhard Jobst 1st prize for the overall plan for reconstruction of the Hansaviertel; America Memorial Library (with Fritz Bornemann); Kreuzberg Town Hall (with Hartmut Wille)
• 1955–1959 Faculty and Institute Buildings for Mining and Metallurgy at the TU Berlin
• 1965–1968 Institute for Technical Chemistry, Berlin

(Hermann Ludwig Lemmer)

* 1891 in Remscheid

† 1983 in Remscheid

• studied at the Technical Universities of Stuttgart, Gdansk, Hanover
• 1914–1918 military service
• 1921–1933 City Planning Council Remscheid, housing estates
• 1924–1929 Neuenhof estate, Remscheid
• 1927–1929 “Kleine Flurstraße” estate, Remscheid, Germany
• from 1928 Ärztehaus Remscheid
• 1930 building for the Home Economics Department of the Vocational School for Girls, Remscheid
• 1950–1956 Senate Building Director in Berlin
• from 1951 Professor of Architecture at the Hochschule für Bildende Künste, Berlin
• Federal Cross of Merit

* 1904 in Montrouge

† 1966 in Paris

• studied at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts; professorships at the École speciale dʼarchitecture and at the École nationale des ponts et des chaussées, Paris
• from 1945 planner and leading architect for the reconstruction of several French towns and villages; residential buildings and administration buildings in Paris, Brest, Nantes and Argenteuil
• 1953 Tour Lopez (Caisse dʼAllocations), Paris
• from 1958 onwards, played a major role in the urban renewal of Paris, Dakar, Nevers, St. Menehould and the region of Nantes
• from 1964 Municipal Library, Mantes-la-Jolie; Tour Montparnasse, Paris

* 1889 in Berlin

† 1972 in Berlin

• studied at the Technical Universities of Berlin and Dresden
• 1921–1954 joint office with his brother Hans Luckhardt until his brother’s death. Member of the November Group, the Work Council for Art and the Gläserne Kette (“Glass Chain”)
• 1951 Berlin Pavilion at the Constructa exhibition, Hanover
• from 1955 member of the Akademie der Künste
• 1959–1966 Bremen parliament
• 1962–1972 various buildings of the Freie Universität Berlin